If an F&O position results in taking delivery of the stock, when will the stocks show up on Share.Market holdings?

In-the-money options or futures contracts of stocks that have expired are physically settled as per exchange rules. In this case you shall receive the stocks on the next trading day (T+1) in your demat account.

But in case of counterparty short delivery, it might take up to 2 working days after the expiry to get these shares credited into your demat account through purchase from the auction market. In case of partial delivery and unavailability of shares, the remaining portion of the trade may also be settled in cash.